Recent NHS data reveals that one in four babies in England are now delivered by Caesarean section, a proportion that has steadily increased over the past decade.
Experts attribute this rise to a growing number of more complex pregnancies, often due to factors like older maternal age or obesity. However, some women are also opting for Caesareans for non-medical reasons.
In 2013-14, 13% of deliveries in England were Caesarean sections. By last year, that figure had climbed to 25%. Of the 398,675 deliveries where the method of labour was recorded, 101,264 were Caesarean sections, with 67,100 being planned or “elective” procedures.
Rising Rates Linked to Complex Pregnancies
Dr. Ranee Thakar, president of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG), highlighted that complex pregnancies are a major factor behind the rising rates. “National increases in obesity and women having children later in life are both contributing to higher complication rates,” she said.
The likelihood of needing a Caesarean increases with maternal age. For women aged 39 and older, a Caesarean is now the most common form of delivery. In contrast, most women under 30 tend to have spontaneous vaginal births, which do not require medical intervention to start labour.
A third of all births in England were induced last year, using methods such as hormone drips or pessaries to begin labour.
Choice and Safety in Birth
The RCOG does not advocate for one method of birth over another, but experts stress that women should have a choice when it comes to how they give birth, as long as it is safe.
The NHS has recently removed a cap on the number of Caesareans it performs. Previously, maternity units were encouraged to promote vaginal births and limit Caesarean sections to about 20%. Now, NHS guidance supports women’s right to choose a planned Caesarean if it is safe for them and their baby.
An NHS spokesperson explained: “A Caesarean is a major operation that carries risks, so it is generally only recommended when it is the safest option. However, some women opt for a C-section for non-medical reasons. NHS teams are committed to providing the safest, most personalised care possible, in line with best practices and evidence, to support women in achieving the type of birth they want.”
Related Topics:
